Objective To investigate the application of transvaginal ultrasound (TVS), multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission computed tomography/computed tomography (¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT) in diagnosis of endometrial carcinoma (EC).

Methods A total of 157 patients with endometrial cancer in our hospital were selected. The results of EC staging by multimodal MRI and transvaginal ultrasound and positive ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT were recorded, and their results were compared with pathological results.

Results The results of TVS showed 87 cases in stage Ⅰ, 6 cases were misdiagnosed and 12 cases were missed diagnosis. In 55 cases of stage Ⅱ, 12 cases were misdiagnosed and 8 cases were missed. In 15 cases of stage Ⅲ, 2 cases were misdiagnosed without missed diagnosis. The results of multimodal MRI showed that 86 cases were misdiagnosed in stage Ⅰ, 3 cases were misdiagnosed and 10 cases were missed. In 58 cases of stage Ⅱ, 10 cases were misdiagnosed and 3 cases missed diagnosis. There were 13 cases of stage Ⅲ with no missed diagnosis or misdiagnosis. The results of ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT were positive in 145 cases and missed in 12 cases. Based on the golden standard of postoperative pathological staging, the accuracy of TVS diagnosis of EC patients in stage I was 87.10% (81/93), stage Ⅱ was 84.31% (43/51), and stage Ⅲ was 100% (13/13). Based on the golden standard of postoperative pathological staging, the accuracy of multimodal MRI in the diagnosis of EC patients was 89.25% (83/93) in stage Ⅰ, 94.12% (48/51) in stage Ⅱ, and 100% (13/13) in stage Ⅲ. According to the pathological staging, 145 EC positive cases were detected by ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT, the accuracy rate was 92.36% (145/157).

Conclusion ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT has a high diagnostic accuracy in EC patients, TVS and multimodal MRI have a high value in the preoperative staging diagnosis of EC, and are worthy of clinical promotion.