Objective To investigate the safety and effectiveness of endovascular stent placement in the treatment of symptomatic intracranial arterial stenosis (sICAS).

Methods A total of 100 patients with sICAS were selected and randomly divided into control group and study group using a random number table method, with 50 patients in each group. The control group received standard pharmacological therapy, while the study group underwent endovascular stent placement. The intracranial artery stenosis rate, neurological functionassessed by the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, activities of daily livingassessed by the Activities of Daily Living (ADL) score, and cerebral blood perfusion indicatorspeak systolic velocity (PSV) and pulsatility index at the stenotic segmentbefore and 14 days after treatment were compared between the two groups. Additionally, the incidence of adverse reactions was compared.

Results After treatment, the intracranial artery stenosis rates were lower in both groups compared to before treatment, and the study group was lower than the control group (P < 0.05). The NIHSS scores were lower in both groups after treatment compared to before treatment, and the study group was lower than the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the ADL scores were higher in both groups compared to before, and the study group was higher than the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, both PSV and the pulsatility index were lower in both groups compared to before treatment, and they were lower in the study group than in the control group (P < 0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions was lower in the study group than in the control group (P < 0.05).

Conclusion Endovascular stent placement is effective in treatment of patients with sICAS, and it can significantly reduce the intracranial artery stenosis rate, improve neurological function and activities of daily living, demonstrating high safety.