Objective To explore the effect of vaginal sacrospinous ligament suspension (VSSLS) with uterus preservation in treatment of patients with moderate to severe pelvic organ prolapse (POP).

Methods A total of 92 patients with moderate to severe POP were randomly divided into control group and observation group, with 46 cases in each group. The control group received vaginal anterior and posterior wall repair (VAPWR), while the observation group underwent VSSLS. The intraoperative blood loss, operation time and hospital stay were compared between the two groups; the Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory-20 (PFDI-20) was used to evaluate quality of life; the Pelvic Organ Prolapse/Urinary Incontinence Sexual Questionnaire-12 (PISQ-12) was used to assess conditions of sexual satisfaction degree, dyspareunia, sexual frequency, and perceived control during sexual activity; surgical complications in both groups were recorded.

Results The observation group had less intraoperative blood loss, shorter operation time, and shorter hospital stay compared with the control group (P < 0.01). After treatment, the observation group had lower scores in all dimensions of the PFDI-20 compared with the control group, and the decreasing range was significantly greater than that in the control group (P < 0.01). After treatment, the observation group had significant higher scores for sexual satisfaction degree, sexual frequency and perceived control during sexual activity compared with the control group, and the change in these indicators before and after treatment was also significantly greater in the observation group, while the score for dyspareunia was significantly lower in the observation group, with a significant decrease compared with the control group (P < 0.01). The incidence of complications was significantly lower in the observation group than that in the control group (P < 0.01).

Conclusion As a surgical approach for the treatment of moderate to severe POP, VSSLS can significantly improve patient's quality of life.