Abstract: Objective To explore the prevalence of sarcopenia in maintenance hemodialysis(MHD)patients and its influencing factors. Methods A total of 55 MHD patients were selected as research objects. Bioelectrical impedance analysis was used to measure appendicular skeletal muscle mass, and relative skeletal muscle mass index(RSMI)was calculated according to formula. Electronic grip strength meter was used to measure the muscle strength, and the general data and laboratory examination indexes of two groups were collected. The prevalence and influencing factors of sarcopenia in MHD patients were evaluated. Results The prevalence rate of sarcopenia was 40.00%. Age, body mass index(BMI)and body protein content in the sarcopenia group and the non-sarcopenia group showed statistically significant differences(P<0.05 or P<0.01). Multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that age(OR=0.907, 95%CI from 0.832 to 0.988, P=0.026), BMI(OR=1.674, 95%CI from 1.166 to 2.404, P=0.005)and protein(OR=2.716, 95%CI from 1.394 to 5.298, P=0.003)were independent influencing factors of sarcopenia in MHD patients. Conclusion MHD patients have higher prevalence of sarcopenia. Age, BMI and protein are independent influencing factors. For elderly patients, it is of great significance to early evaluating occurrence of sarcopenia and increasing the level of BMI and protein so as to reduce the incidence of sarcopenia.