Analysis in nucleic acid test results of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 in Yangzhou City of Jiangsu Province
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摘要: 目的 分析江苏省扬州市报告的新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)确诊病例和无症状感染者的核酸检测结果。 方法 对COVID-19确诊病例和无症状感染者进行随访,连续6周采集咽拭子进行病毒核酸检测。 结果 暴露后第2、3、4周的病毒核酸检测结果显示, COVID-19确诊病例阳性率为100.00%、61.54%、8.33%, 平均核酸检测阳性时间为(24.08±1.17)d, 无症状感染者阳性率依次为100.00%、66.67%、20.00%, 平均核酸检测阳性时间为(25.21±1.28)d, 差异无统计学意义(P=0.42)。确诊病例暴露后第2、3周核酸检测新型冠状病毒ORF1ab基因平均循环阈值(Ct值)为(31.56±4.98)、(34.26±3.16), N基因平均Ct值为(30.88±4.82)、(34.40±2.86), 差异均无统计学意义(P=0.25、0.15)。从第4周开始,因咽拭子的核酸检测阳性例数较少(n≤1), 未参与统计。无症状感染者暴露后第2、3、4周核酸检测新型冠状病毒ORF1ab基因平均Ct值为(31.01±3.68)、(32.64±3.74)、(29.05±2.96), N基因平均Ct值为(31.37±3.62)、(32.9±3.51)、(28.40±4.19), 差异均无统计学意义(P=0.23、0.12)。从第5周开始,因咽拭子的核酸检测阳性例数较少(n≤1), 不参与统计。确诊病例和无症状感染者中均有1例病例咽拭子核酸检测复检阳性。 结论 确诊病例和无症状感染者暴露后,第2周内呼吸道标本阳性检出率高,2组核酸检测阳性时间无显著差异,确诊病例和无症状感染者咽拭子标本连续2次核酸检测阴性存在复检阳性风险。Abstract: Objective To analyze the nucleic acid test results of confirmed cases with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)and asymptomatic infection cases reported by Yangzhou government. Methods The confirmed COVID-19 cases and asymptomatic infection cases were followed up continuously, and their pharyngeal swab specimens were collected during 6 weeks for virus nucleic acid detection. Results The results of virus nucleic acid test in the second, third and fourth weeks after exposure showed that the positive rates of confirmed COVID-19 cases were 100.00%, 61.54% and 8.33% respectively, and the average positive time of nucleic acid test was(24.08±1.17)d, while the positive rates of asymptomatic infection cases at the same time points were 100.00%, 66.67% and 20.00% respectively, and the average positive time of nucleic acid test was(25.21±1.28)d. There were no significant differences between two groups(P=0.42). At second and third weeks after exposure, the average values of circulation threshold(Ct)of novel coronavirus ORF1ab gene in confirmed - COVID-19 cases were(31.56±4.98)and(34.26±3.16), the average Ct values of the N gene were(30.88±4.82)and(34.40±2.86)respectively, and there were no significant differences(P=0.25, 0.15). Since the 4th week, the number of positive cases for collection of pharyngeal swab specimen was less(n≤1), so they did not participate in the statistics. At second, third and fourth weeks after exposure, the average values of Ct of novel coronavirus ORF1ab gene in asymptomatic infection cases were(31.01±3.68),(32.64±3.74)and(29.05±2.96), the average Ct values of the N gene were(31.37±3.62),(32.90±3.51)and(28.40±4.19)respectively, and there were no significant differences(P=0.23, 0.12). Since the 4th week, the number of positive cases for collection of pharyngeal swab specimen was less(n≤1), so they did not participate in the statistics. Since the 5th week, the number of positive cases for collection of pharyngeal swab specimen was less(n≤1), so they did not participate in the statistics. There was one case with negative to positive result of pharyngeal nucleic acid in both confirmed COVID-19 cases and asymptomatic infection cases. Conclusion The positive rate of respiratory tract samples is high in the second week after the exposure in both confirmed COVID-19 cases and asymptomatic infection cases. There is no significant difference in the positive time of nucleic acid test between the two groups. There is a risk of reoccurrence of positive result of pharyngeal swab specimen in confirmed COVID-19 cases and asymptomatic infection cases after two negative results.
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