Abstract: Obj ective To compare efficacy and safety between primacaine and lidocaine for tooth pulp disease.Methods 150 patients with tooth pulp disease (150 ill teeth)were randomly di-vided into observation group and control group,75 patients (89 ill teeth)in each group.Observa-tion group was treated with the primacaine anesthesia treatment,while the control group was treat-ed with lidocaine anesthesia treatment.Anesthesia effect time,anesthetic effect and adverse reac-tions were compared.Results Anesthesia effect time in the observation group was significantly faster than the control group;and anesthesia effective rate was better than control group.At the time points of immediately after inj ection,3 and 5 minutes after inj ection,there was no significant changes in systolic pressures between observation group and control group,there were significant differences of diastolic blood pressure,heart rate.Incidence rate of adverse reactions in observation group was significant lower than the control group (P<0 .05 ).Conclusion Compared with lido-caine,primacaine for tooth pulp disease has a fast response time,a good anaesthesia effect,small blood pressure and heart rate changes and less adverse reaction,so it is a safe and effective anesthetic drug.